The slogan says that Health is wealth. Here are some tips to maintain health and to be healthy.

Health care Tips:-

* Smoking is the big enemy of human kind. Avoid smoking.

* Alcoholism is also dangerous to health and need to be avoided.

* There should be limit in food, eating less, but balanced diet is beneficial.

* Vegetarian food is better then Non vegetarian.

* Eat sufficient fruits and vegetables.

* Regular exercises, helps in maintaining good health.

* Walking and swimming are the good exercises to maintain health.

* Do the physical work as much as possible.

* Do the work or job with love to avoid stress and helps in maintaining health.

* Sufficient sleep is good for health, 8 to 10 hours of sleep is god for health for majority group.

* Don’t take sleeping tablets, and avoid alcohol to induce sleep.

* Keep smiling and try to be happy always, is the secret of Health.

* Cheating others pushes you to mental disorders, so don’t cheat others.

* Drink sufficient water, more than 2.5 litres a day.

* Don’t take excess salt and spicy foods.

* Don’t eat much curries, and avoid junk foods.

* Take vaccines as per requirement. ..

Blood test:-

Blood fasting test is  blood test done after fasting for glucose level in blood. Blood fasting test is also known as fasting glucose test. Amount of glucose present in the blood is called as Blood Sugar. Blood sugar moving in the blood is the main source of energy for body cells.

Normal blood sugar level between 70 milligrams per deciliter to 100 Mg/dL. It is maintained in the normal individuals by the body mechanisms.

Normal blood glucose level is 90 mg / 100 ml of blood. After consuming the food, the blood sugar level rises as the glucose from the food is absorbed by intestines. The blood glucose level or blood sugar is decreased during fasting hours.

Imbalance in the blood sugar level leads to Hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Glucose measurement has significance in the diagnosis of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

Laboratory tests:- Laboratory tests for finding Blood glucose or blood sugar are

* Fasting blood sugar or FBS blood test.

* Postprandial blood sugar or PPBS.

* Urine sugar test,

* Oral glucose tolerance test, or OGTT,

* Intravenous glucose tolerance test, IVGTT,

* Self monitoring of glucose test,

These are the some of the tests performed to find blood sugar level.

Drug Absorption:-

The transformation of drug from the site of administration into the blood circulation system is called as Drug absorption.

The factors affecting drug absorption:-

*  The physical form Drug, i.e. solubility in fluids, and its dissolution. The nature of dosage form,

*  Route of drug administration to body,

*  Vascularity or blood supply to the area of drug administration,

*  Surface area of drug absorption,

*  First pass Metabolism.

Bioavailability The amount of drug reaches the systemic circulation, in the unchanged form after administering particular dosage of drug to body is called as Bioavailability.

Bioavailability is a measurement of therapeutic activity of drug i.e. the rate and extent of drug activity.

Intravenous route has 100 % Bioavailability.

Bioavailability is mainly considered To calculate drug dosage, to be administered.

Incomplete absorption of drug and First pass metabolism affects Bioavailability.

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is a respiratory infection caused by Bacteria. The causative organism of diphtheria is corynebacterium diphtheriae. Children below age of five and adults above 60 are at risk diphtheria infection. Individuals living in dirty environment, weak immune persons also will get Diphtheria.

Immunization against Diphtheria has reduced the incidence of Diphtheria.

Causes of diphtheria:-

Diphtheria is caused by the respiratory droplets of infected person, when the infected person sneezes, cough, the bacteria spreads to air and causes infection in who inhales that infected droplet.

Nose and throat are commonly infected by diphtheria. Throat infection causes a tough fibre like structure which obstructs the airway. in some cases Diphtheria, first affects skin and causes skin lesions.

After establishment of infection in the body, the bacteria spreads to other parts of body. Infecting the heart, causes myocarditis, and by infecting the nerves, may cause paralysis.

Symptoms of Diphtheria:-
*  Upper respiratory tract infection,
*  Sore throat,
*  Formation of thick coating in the throat and nose,
*  hoarseness of voice,
*  pain during swallowing,
*  runny nose,
*  fever, recurrent chills,
*  Dry cough or barking cough,
*  Difficulty in breathing,
*  Skin lesions, blurred vision,

Treatment of Diphtheria:-

As soon as the diphtherial infection is confirmed, Diphtherial anti toxin is given through intramuscular, or intravenous route.

Antibiotics such as erythromycin and penicillin are used to treat Diphtheria.

Bed rest, administration of IV fluids, airway clearance and symptomatic treatment is given for Diphtheria treatment.

Prevention of diphtheria:-

DPT immunization, is the effective preventive measure of Diphtheria.
DPT immunization in the immunization schedule has reduced the cases of Diphtheria.

DPT immunization should be given at the age of:
one and half month,
two and half month, and
Three and half month.

The booster dose is given after 12 to 16 months of immunization.

Booster dose is given after 6 to 8 years to prevent Diphtheria.

Redness and tenderness are present at the site of immunization. Mild fever may follow DPT immunization given to prevent Diphtheria.

Measles:-

Measles is the contagious infection caused by viruses, mainly affects the children, and the infection ranges from ear infection to Encephalitis. measles is an epidemic disease seen in school children. As a communicable disease, out break of measles is common.

If an individual once had the measles, he won’t get the measles in future, as the natural immunity is developed in them. When an adult didn’t got any immunization in past, may get measles when immunity becomes weak.

The infants below age of six months have very less chance of measles, because they have maternal antibodies through mothers milk.

Symptoms of Measles:-

When child get measles infection shows the following symptoms.

Early symptoms of measles:

* Mild to high fever,
* harsh voice,
* runny nose,
* cough, nasal congestion,
* reddened eyes, sneezing, and
* Very small white patches on the inner cheek.

Later symptoms of measles are:

* High fever; as the temperature up-to 105 degree celsius.
* General malaise,
* Characteristic rash,
* Rashes spread to neck, trunk, and limbs. Rashes fade after spreading to all parts.
* Skin peeling occurs in two to three days after rash.
* Conjunctivitis may occur due to eye infection.

Causes of Measles:-

Measles is the contagious infection or communicable disease caused by viruses. The infection spreads through direct contact or contact with droplet. Rubeola is the virus causes measles. Measles spreads faster during winter and spring season. Incubation period of measles virus is 8 to 12 days. The child is contagious even 2 days earlier of symptoms appears. After formation of rashes the child is contagious and measles can spread to other children come in contact.

Treatment of Measles:-

* Treatment of measles include, bed rest and fluid administration.

* Eye care to be given by cleaning with saline soaked gauze, and advice the child not to rub the eyes.

* Antipruritic drugs are administered and tepid sponge is given if needed.

* The affected child should not be sent to school.

* The school children should get immunized to prevent measles.

* Doctor will take all precautionary measures to prevent measles.

* Untreated viral infection causes viral bronchopneumonia, or Encephalitis.

* Otitis media and mastoiditis, is also a complication of measles.

Prevention of measles:-

* Measles is a contagious disease easily spreads to other children. So active immunization to all school children is necessary to prevent measles.

* Now a days measles vaccine is included in immunization schedule and given at the age of 9 months. This helps in preventing measles.

* MMR ( measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccination is also given to prevent
measles.

* Booster dose of measles should be given.

Polyhydraminos:-

Increased level of amniotic fluid level in the mothers womb is called as Polyhydramnios. Amniotic fluid is the fluid which surrounds the growing fetus in the womb.

Amniotic fluid:

*  Amniotic fluid is the colourless fluid have several functions in the womb.
*  Amniotic fluid helps in growth and development of fetus.
*  Amniotic fluid provides the cushion environment to baby.
*  The baby swallows the amniotic fluid into lungs and digestive track, which helps in strong development.

Causes of polydramnios :-

The exact cause of polyhydramnios is not known. The believed causes of polyhydramnios are:

*  Inability of baby to swallow the amniotic fluid, due to birth defects, leads to increased level of amniotic fluid.

*  The cardiac defects in the baby also causes polyhydramnios.

Symptoms of Polyhydramnios:-

*   Preterm rupture of amniotic membrane, and other membranes, Injury to umbilical cord,

*   Polyhydramnios increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as:

- Preterm delivery,
- Placental abruption before birth of baby,
- intrauterine fetal growth retardation,
- severe bleeding after delivery,
- Cesarean suctioning, etc…

Treatment:-

If proper antenatal care is taken, the chances of complication will be decreased. The doctor will take measures to reduce the risk of polyhydramnios.
Additional antenatal care is necessary to monitor the mother with polyhydramnios. In some cases polyhydramnios subsides itself, no special care is needed.

Eye infections:-

Eye infections are caused by bacteria, virus or fungus. Eye infection may affect one eye or both eyes. Any part of eye may get affected due to eye infection. some eye infections are common, while other eye infections are rare.

People wearing contact lenses may get an eye infection.

Trachoma is the most serious eye infection, if not treated, leads to blindness.

Most of eye infections can be treated with topical medications such as eye drops.

Topical antibiotics are beneficial to treat eye infection.

Eye infections may spread from one to another easily.

Common eye infections are:-

Conjunctivitis :- Inflammation of conjunctivitis of eye is called as conjunctivitis. Pink is the another name of conjunctivitis. Reddening of eye is the main symptom of conjunctivitis.

Stye :- is the inflammation if hair follicle of eye lashes. The bump is formed due to inflammation. This stye may spread from other skin infections.

Symptoms of eye infections are:-

Redness of eyes,
itching of eyes,
Pain in the eyes,
discharge from eyes,
Irritation in the eyes,
blurred vision,
watery eyes,
Swelling of soft tissues around eyes,
Flaking of eye lids.

Other eye infections are:-

Cellulite
Keratitis
Corneal Ulcer
Blepharitis
Trachoma
are some other eye infections other than conjunctivitis and stye. ..

Child Depression:-

Children also get depression like adults. Children have more emotions and feelings,than adults. so the depression occurs in children. persistent sadness and dullness in children indicates depression. The performance of depressed child in school is dull, child doesn’t interact with society, are main symptoms of child depression.

symptoms of child depression :-

• poor academic performance in studies,
• anger, or irritability,
• expresses long term sadness, and hopelessness,
• social withdrawal,
• changes in eating pattern, may eat excess or less.
• lack of concentration,
• telling about death and suicide,
• complaints of fatigue and weakness,
• physical complaints such as headache, etc are main symptoms of child depression.

Throat disorders are also called as pharyngeal disorders.

Pharynx is the medical term of throat. Pharynx or throat is a short,tube like structure, it joins to esophagus and larynx and helps in passage of food and air respectively.

Most of us have experienced sore throat once or twice. THE Throat infection is usually caused by viruses. Strep throat and others throat infections are caused by bacteria. so both viruses and bacterias causes
throat disorders. Allergens, pollens also can cause throat disorders.

common throat disorders:-

Sore throat : viral infection of throat.

Tonsillitis : inflammation of tonsil.

Pharyngitis : inflammation of pharynx.

Throat cancer, etc are the main throat disorders.

The throat disorders, need proper diagnosis and treatment.

Indigestion:-

Indigestion has affected millions of people and most of us try to solve it using remedies in home itself. The main symptoms of indigestion are heart burn, bleaching in the stomach, feeling of heaviness in stomach, stomach pain, etc..

Treatment of indigestion:-

* Eat enough fruits to provoke digestion.

* Take food in small quantity, if need take more serves.

* Drink more than three liters of water per day.

* Chew the food properly and eat less fatty foods.

* Don’t wear tight clothes.

* Drink lime juice, with sugar.

* Don’t drink lot of water soon after meals.

* Drink enough water an hour later by meals.