White blood cells : components, numbers
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White blood cells:-
White blood cells are the defensive cells provides immunity to body. White blood cells are the forms of blood cells and counts nearly 7000 to 11000 cells per cubic millilitre of blood. These cells fights against pathogens and protects the body from diseases.
Components of white blood cells:-
1. lymphocytes
2. monocytes
3. neutrophils
4. basophils
5. eosinophils
1. Lymphocytes are the form of WBC, have a round nucleus, and less cytoplasm. These cells provides immunity form specific pathogens. The types of lymphocytes are T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.
2. Monocytes are the cells have a kidney shaped nucleus and large protoplasm. These provides immunity by engulfing the foreign body,pathogens, and cell debris in the tissues. Normal value is 2 to 8 %.
3. Neutrophils are the cells with large round bodies and lobed nucleus. Neutrophils have the action of phagocytosis and engulfing pathogens and cell debris. These cells contains the granules which are neutral to stain. The granules have a lysozyme enzyme and pathogen killing compounds. Normal value of neutrophils is 50 to 70 %.
4. Basophils are the WBC forms have a round body and lobed nucleus.
Basophils contains granules which becomes dark blue in response to
acid stain. These cells release histamines which stimulates inflammation.
Normal value of basophils is > 1 %
5. Eosinophils are rounded cells have lobed nucleus, turns red in response to acid stain. Eosinophils provides immunity by phagocytosis and engulfing. These cells are sensitive to allergens, and induces an allergic reaction when exposed to an allergen. Normal value of Eosinophils is 2 to 4 %.
Number of white blood cells:-
Differential count : is the test conducted to count and estimates the level of white blood cells in the blood.
Increased number of leukocytes in excess quantity is called Leukemia or blood cancer.
T lymphocytes have a major role in providing immunity to body.
WBC cells accumulate at the site of injury and causes inflammatory reactions. .
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